Specifying Permissions for Schema (Data) Directories and Tables

Default File Permissions

By default MariaDB uses the following permissions for files and directories:

Object Type	Default Mode	Default Permissions
Files	`0660`	`-rw-rw----`
Directories	`0700`	`drwx------`

Configuring File Permissions with Environment Variables

You can configure MariaDB to use different permissions for files and directories by setting the following environment variables before you start the server:

Object Type	Environment Variable
Files	`UMASK`
Directories	`UMASK_DIR`

In other words, if you would run the following in a shell:

export UMASK=0640
export UMASK_DIR=0750

These environment variables do not set the umask. They set the default file system permissions. See MDEV-23058 for more information.

Configuring File Permissions with systemd

If your server is started by systemd, then there is a specific way to configure the umask. See Systemd: Configuring the umask for more information.

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https://mariadb.com/kb/en/specifying-permissions-for-schema-data-directories-and-tables/