numpy.dtype.subdtype

dtype.subdtype

Tuple (item_dtype, shape) if this dtype describes a sub-array, and None otherwise.

The shape is the fixed shape of the sub-array described by this data type, and item_dtype the data type of the array.

If a field whose dtype object has this attribute is retrieved, then the extra dimensions implied by shape are tacked on to the end of the retrieved array.

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https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.14.5/reference/generated/numpy.dtype.subdtype.html