std::ctype
| Defined in header <locale> | ||
|---|---|---|
| template< class CharT > class ctype; | 
Class ctype encapsulates character classification features. All stream input operations performed through std::basic_istream<charT> use the std::ctype<charT> of the locale imbued in the stream to identify whitespace characters for input tokenization. Stream output operations apply std::ctype<charT>::widen() to narrow-character arguments prior to output.
Inheritance diagram.
Two standalone (locale-independent) specializations are provided by the standard library:
| Defined in header <locale> | |
|---|---|
| std::ctype<char> | provides narrow character equivalents of the minimal "C" locale classification. This specialization uses table lookup for character classification | 
| std::ctype<wchar_t> | provides wide character classification appropriate to the native character set | 
In addition, every locale object constructed in a C++ program implements its own (locale-specific) versions of these specializations.
Member types
| Member type | Definition | 
|---|---|
| char_type | CharT | 
Member functions
| constructs a new ctype facet (public member function) | |
| destructs a ctype facet (protected member function) | |
| invokes do_is(public member function) | |
| invokes do_scan_is(public member function) | |
| invokes do_scan_not(public member function) | |
| invokes do_toupper(public member function) | |
| invokes do_tolower(public member function) | |
| invokes do_widen(public member function) | |
| invokes do_narrow(public member function) | 
Member objects
| static std::locale::id id | id of the locale (public member object) | 
Protected member functions
| [virtual] | classifies a character or a character sequence (virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | locates the first character in a sequence that conforms to given classification (virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | locates the first character in a sequence that fails given classification (virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | converts a character or characters to uppercase (virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | converts a character or characters to lowercase (virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | converts a character or characters from chartocharT(virtual protected member function) | 
| [virtual] | converts a character or characters from charTtochar(virtual protected member function) | 
Inherited from std::ctype_base
Member types
| Type | Definition | 
|---|---|
| mask | unspecified bitmask type (enumeration, integer type, or bitset) | 
Member constants
| space [static] | the value of maskidentifying whitespace character classification(public static member constant) | 
| print [static] | the value of maskidentifying printable character classification(public static member constant) | 
| cntrl [static] | the value of maskidentifying control character classification(public static member constant) | 
| upper [static] | the value of maskidentifying uppercase character classification(public static member constant) | 
| lower [static] | the value of maskidentifying lowercase character classification(public static member constant) | 
| alpha [static] | the value of maskidentifying alphabetic character classification(public static member constant) | 
| digit [static] | the value of maskidentifying digit character classification(public static member constant) | 
| punct [static] | the value of maskidentifying punctuation character classification(public static member constant) | 
| xdigit [static] | the value of maskidentifying hexadecimal digit character classification(public static member constant) | 
| blank [static] (C++11) | the value of maskidentifying blank character classification(public static member constant) | 
| alnum [static] | alpha | digit(public static member constant) | 
| graph [static] | alnum | punct(public static member constant) | 
Example
The following example demonstrates modification of a ctype other than ctype<char> to tokenize a CSV file.
#include <iostream>
#include <locale>
#include <sstream>
 
struct csv_whitespace : std::ctype<wchar_t>
{
    bool do_is(mask m, char_type c) const
    {   
        if ((m & space) && c == L' ') {
            return false; // space will NOT be classified as whitespace
        }
        if ((m & space) && c == L',') {
            return true; // comma will be classified as whitespace
        }
        return ctype::do_is(m, c); // leave the rest to the parent class
    } 
};
 
int main()
{
    std::wstring in = L"Column 1,Column 2,Column 3\n123,456,789";
    std::wstring token;
 
    std::wcout << "default locale:\n";
    std::wistringstream s1(in);
    while (s1 >> token) {
        std::wcout << "  " << token << '\n';
    }
 
    std::wcout << "locale with modified ctype:\n";
    std::wistringstream s2(in);
    csv_whitespace* my_ws = new csv_whitespace;
    s2.imbue(std::locale(s2.getloc(), my_ws));
    while (s2 >> token) {
        std::wcout << "  " << token<< '\n';
    }
}Output:
default locale: Column 1,Column 2,Column 3 123,456,789 locale with modified ctype: Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 123 456 789
See also
| specialization of std::ctypefor typechar(class template specialization) | |
| defines character classification categories (class template) | |
| creates a ctype facet for the named locale (class template) | 
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